Course Code: B21004Y-01
Course Name: Optics
Credits: 4.0
Level: Undergraduate
Pre-requisite: Advanced Mathematics, Electromagnetics
Lecture Time: 36 sessions, 2 hours/session
Course Description
By studying this course, we require students to understand the dual nature of wave and particle property of light, learn to use optical methods and optical information processing methods to deal with practical problems, and gain new perspectives on the understanding of physical problems. The course mainly describes the geometrical optics theory and wave theory of light propagation which includes Fermat principle, light equation, Huygens-Fresnel principle, Fresnel-Kirchhoff diffraction integral, reflection and refraction of light at the interface, and propagation of light in anisotropic media; The course also contains statistical properties of light field which includes temporal coherence and spatial coherence of light field and polarization state; We will introduce some optical instruments and devices such as spherical mirror, thin lenses, ideal imaging system, microscope, telescope, split wavefront interference device, Fabry-Perot interferometer, grating spectrometer, Leo filter, optical information processing system, holography principle; Finally, we will discuss some knowledge about the basis of photometry and colorimetry and quantum property of light.
Topics and Schedule (The lecture order can be rearranged when needed.)
1. Basic Principle of Geometrical Optics (10 hrs)
1.1 Electromagnetic theory of light
1.2 Geometric optical beam and Fermat's principle
1.3 Basic law of geometrical optics and ray equation
1.4 Ideal imaging
1.5 Geometrical aberration
1.6 Geometrical optics instrument
2. Electromagnetic Theory of Light Wave and Mathematical Description of Stationary Wave (4 hrs)
2.1 Electromagnetic theory of light
2.2 Polarization of light and Marius law
2.3 Stationary light wave, complex amplitude description
2.4 Wave front function
2.5 Transformation of spherical wave to plane wave
2.6 Wave front phase factor analysis
3. Scalar Wave Theory of Light Wave Diffraction (9 hrs)
3.1 Complex amplitude description of light wave
3.2 Wave front light field
3.3 Fenel-Kirchhoff diffraction integral
3.4 Fenel diffraction
3.5 Fraunhofer diffraction of single-slit and rectangular aperture
3.6 Fraunhofer diffraction of circular hole
3.7 Fraunhofer diffraction and resolving power of optical instruments
3.8 Displacement-phase shift theorem
3.9 One dimensional grating, two dimensional grating
3.10 Three dimensional—x-ray crystallography
4. Optical Interference (9 hrs)
4.1 Outline
4.2 Superposition and interference of light
4.3 Wavefront-splitting interference-Young's interference and other wavefront-splitting interference device
4.4 Spatial coherence
4.5 Amplitude-splittine interference
4.6 Michelson interferometer and Maher-Zehnder interferometer
4.7 Temporal coherence
4.8 Multi beam interference
4.9 Multilayer dielectric film
5. Reflection and Refraction of Light Wave at the Interface of Medium (6 hrs)
5.1 Polarized light
5.2 Fenel reflection and refraction formula
5.3 Reflectivity and transmittance
5.4 Transmission field of total reflection
5.5 Change of polarization state and phase
6. Propagation of Light Waves in Crystals (9 hrs)
6.1 Optical properties of crystals
6.2 Ray velocity and phase velocity
6.3 Crystal birefringence
6.4 Polarized light interference and Leo filter
6.5 Crystal optical device
6.6 Optical rotation
7. Foundation of Fourier Optics (6 hrs)
7.1 Diffraction system and wavefront transformation
7.2 Fourier transform of Fraunhofer diffraction field and transmission function
7.3 Abbe imaging principle and optical information processing
7.4 Zernike phase contrast method
8. Holography (4 hrs)
8.1 The basic principle of holography
8.2 Various holographic
8.3 Application of holographic technology
9. Photometry and Colourometry (2 hrs)
9.1 The basic concept of photometry
9.2 Image illumination and subjective brightness
9.3 Basic knowledge of colorimetry
10 Quantum Properties of Light (2 hrs)
10.1 Classic and Planck blackbody radiation theory
10.2 Photoelectric effect
10.3 Light quantum
Grading
Homework 10-15％
Midterm examination 35-40％
Final examination 50％
Textbook
Xi-Hua Zhong, Basis of Modern Optics, Peking University press
References
[1] Kai-Hua Zhao, Xi-Hua Zhong, Optics (I,II),Peking University press, 1984;
[2] Yong-Kang Guo, Pei-Di Bao, Optics Course, Sichuan University Press, 1989;
[3] Ming Yi, General Physics Course-Optics, Higher Education Press, 1999;
[4] Eugene Hecht，Optics，Addison-Wesley, 1998;
[5] Xi-Hua Zhong, Yue-Min Zhou, Basis of Modern Optics--Problem Solving Instruction, Peking University press, 2004;
[6] Max Born & Emil Wolf, Principles of Optics (Chinese version,1985);
[7] J.W.Goodman, Statistical Optics, 1985 (Chinese version).
