Course Code: B32004Y-01
Course Name: Inorganic Chemistry Experiments
Credits: 1.5
Level: Undergraduate
Pre-requisite: Principles of Chemistry
Lecture Time: 48 hours/session
Instructors:
Course Description
Chemistry is a subject with strong practicality.Its goals are to deepen the students’ understanding of basic theories, inorganic compounds and reaction properties of inorganic chemistry through experimental teaching, to make students familiar with the general separations and preparation methods of inorganic compounds, and to help students master basic experimental methods and operational skills of inorganic chemistry. This course cultivates students' abilities to think and solve problems independently, at the same time develops the students’ performance in chemistry experiment, laying a good foundation for the students to study and work well in chemistry. The main tasks of teaching the course of inorganic chemistry experiment are:To master the correct methods of inorganic chemistry experiment instruments and the basic skills of experiment operations, to master the properties, preparations of common elements and compounds, including their Separation and purification methods, to deepen the understanding and mastering of basic principles and knowledge of inorganic chemistry, to learn the methods of determining some certain constants, to cultivate students to observe and record chemical reaction phenomena correctly, master the skills of analysis, synthesis and induction experiment phenomena and the abilities of processing data correctly, drawing schematic instrument equipment and writing the experiment reports, and to train students to keep rigorous scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts, who also will develop the accurate, meticulous, careful, clean, and other good experimental habits.
Topics and Schedule
Experiment 1: Reaction cycle of copper
Taking the copper powder of reagent grade as the starting material, through a series of reaction cycles, eventually obtain a recovery rate of nearly 100%Cu powder. To understand the chemical reactions of copper through experiments. To practice the basic operation of chemical experiments, such as solid-liquid separation, washing, evaporation, etc.
Experiment 2: Preparation of ammonium ferrous sulfate
To learn the preparations of ammonium ferrous sulfate double salt. To study water bath heating, atmospheric pressure filtration and decompressional filtration methods, and other basic operations.
Experiment 3: Determination of the ionization constant of acetic acid
To determine the ionization constant of acetic acid. To master the principles of the weak electrolyte ionization equilibrium; to practice the preparations of solution and operations of acid base titration; to learn to use a pH meter.
Experiment 4: Determination of Avogadro constant and gas constant through electrolytic method
Learn to use electrolytic method to determine the Avogadro constant and gas constant, understanding its principle. Being familiar with the concept of partial pressure, and the applications of the ideal gas law. To exercise the operations of measuring gas volume and the uses of one over ten-thousand analytical balance.
Experiment 5: Acid base balance and precipitation dissolution equilibrium
To know the principles of acid base balance and the factors affecting the balance movement. To prepare the buffer solution and understand its properties. To trial the formation and completeness of precipitation, testing transformation conditions of the experimental precipitation. To master the use of indicators and pH test paper, studying the operation of centrifugal separation.
Experiment 6: Determine the fission energy of [Ti (H2O) 6]3+, [Cu (H2O) 6]2+ and [Cu (NH3) 6]2+
Determine the splitting energy of the complexes by spectrophotometric method. Figure out the influence of ligand strength on splitting energy.
Experiment 7: Elemental properties: halogen, oxygen, sulfur
To test, compare and master the oxidation of halogen and the reduction of halide ions. To test the corrosive action of hydrogen fluoride on glass.To master the separation and detection methods for the separation of halogen ions in aqueous solution. Further understand and grasp the properties of the specific compounds through experiments：such as the redox reactive, instability and the transfer of the peroxide bond of hydrogen peroxide; reduction of hydrogen sulfide;reduction, instability and complexation of thiosulfuric acid；Oxidation of persulfate and so on. Master the methods of separating and detecting S2-、SO32- and S2O32- in aqueous solution.
Summarize the law of the material oxidation reduction through experiments. Generally, material in the high oxidation state often shows oxidability, in the low oxidation state often shows reducibility, while the material in the intermediate oxidation state is both oxidizing and reductive.
Experiment 8: Element properties: nitrogen, phosphorus and model making
To test the redox reactive of nitrite, understanding the formation and properties of phosphoric anhydride, metaphosphoric acid and orthophosphoric Acid. To master the reaction conditions and phenomena identifications of ammonium ion, nitrate radical, nitrite, metaphosphoric acid, orthophosphoric Acid and pyrophosphate. Knowing how to distinguish metaphosphoric acid, orthophosphoric Acid and pyrophosphate. To make models of sulfur oxides and some Oxyacid, P4, Phosphorus oxide and Oxyacid using Ball-and-stick models, through which can further understand their structural characteristics.
Experiment 9: Redox and element properties: Chromium and manganese
Learn the common oxidation states of chromium, including their colors and the states of existence. To master the corresponding transformation conditions. Understanding the common oxidation states of manganese and their colors, states of existence and properties. To explain the experimental phenomena by using the theory of "Four Balances", especially the knowledge of the redox reaction and the electrode potential.
Experiment 10: Element properties: copper, silver, zinc, cadmium
To test the formation and properties of the hydroxide (oxide), ammonia complex and sulfide of copper, silver, zinc, cadmium. Test the oxidation-reduction qualities of copper and silver compounds.
Experiment 11: Complex element properties: iron, cobalt, nickel
To compare the properties of coordination ions and simple ions；compare the stabilities of the coordination ions. To test the effects of acid base equilibrium, precipitation equilibrium, redox balance and complex equilibria. To master the use of multiple equilibrium constants and reactant concentration changes to analyze and understand the chemical equilibriums and their movements.
Textbook
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering（Peking University）, General Chemistry Laboratory experiments, Third Edition, Peking University Press, 2012
References
[1] Tongwen Hua, Yingxia Wang, Jiang Bian, Jingzu Chen, Principles of General Chemistry, Fourth Edition, Peking University Press, 2013
[2] Inorganic Chemistry, Third Edition, Higher Education Press, Wuhan University, Jilin University.
Author：Weiguo Song
Time：
